关键词: 量子点, 量子领域应用, 量子点传感器, 单光子发射器

Abstract: Quantum Dots (QDs) are a new type of semiconductor nanocrystals.As an emerging photoelectric active material,they can realize photoelectric conversion,with some characteristics such as high brightness,large Stoke shift,wide absorption spectrum,high molar extinction coefficient,high quantum yield,good optical stability and long fluorescence lifetime.At the same time,the initial concept of quantum dot and its successful preparation provide some help to the cognition of quantum limited effect.The size of quantum dots is in the range of nanometers,with size confinement produces quantum confinement effect,macroscopic quantum tunnel effect,size effect,and surface effect,which makes them have unique properties.With the continuous in-depth study of quantum dots,their applications in the fields of non-linear optics,magnetic media,catalysis,medicine,functional materials,life sciences and information technology are gradually developed,and their research in the application fields of quantum key distribution,quantum metrology and quantum information processing is also gradually on the agenda.

Key words: Quantum Dots(QDs), Quantum field applications, Quantum dot sensors, Single photon emitters